This is the body’s communication and control network. The brain sends and receives messages along the spinal cord and billions of interconnecting nerve cells wired up to every part of the body.
The nervous system works like a high-speed internet, sending electrical signals at great speed through nerve cells called neurons. Sensory nerves send signals to the brain from sense receptors all over your body. At the same time, going in the opposite direction, motor nerves send signals from the brain, telling the muscles to move.
Functionally, the nervous system has two main subdivisions: the somatic, or voluntary, component; and the autonomic, or involuntary, component. The autonomic nervous system regulates certain body processes, such as blood pressure and the rate of breathing, that work without conscious effort, according to Merck Manuals. The somatic system consists of nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord with muscles and sensory receptors in the skin.
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