The Grand Canyon National Park is located in the high plateau region of Arizona in the United States. Scientists believe that the Grand Canyon was formed 5 or 6 million years ago by the Colorado River cutting a channel through layers of rocks.
Geologists have learned much about the history and evolution of our planet by studying the Grand Canyon. The walls of the canyon give us a cross-section of Earth’s crust dating back almost 2 billion years. The Vishnu Basement Rocks near the bottom of the Inner Gorge are the oldest rocks in the canyon. They were formed 1.7 billion years ago.
In the 1540s Spanish explorers became the first Europeans to reach this place. However, humans have occupied the Grand Canyon and the surrounding areas since the last Ice Age. The Grand Canyon National Park was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.
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