Sigmund Freud was born in 1856 in Freiberg, now in the Czech Republic. Trained as a neurologist, he invented psychoanalysis as a method of treating mental disorders.
He proposed that mental disorders may not have their source in the brain but in the mind. In other words, some mental disorders may not occur in the nerves of the brain but in the mind of the person.
Freud made use of hypnosis as a tool to enable his patients to recount past incidents that they may not otherwise have remembered. He found that patients improved after these sessions and laid the foundations of the branch of psychology known as ‘psychoanalysis’. He also developed such therapeutic techniques as ‘free association’ and ‘transference’. He was also interested in dream analysis. However, his theories are controversial and tend to cast women in an unfavorable light.
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