As we know Mesopotamia was blessed with many empires, which contributed to the socio-political changes in the region.
Sumer and Akkad, which developed very rich cultures, were later adopted by Amorite, a tribe that had conquered all of Mesopotamia in 21st century BC.
Soon under the rule of the Amorites, Babylon became the political and commercial centre of the Tigris-Euphrates area. They created a vast empire. Babylonia was called Mat Akkadi ‘the country of Akkad’ in the Akkadian language.
Efficient kings made the empire even more flourishing. It was during the reign of Hammurabi that Babylon expanded greatly, and became the major power in the region. Hammurabi forged coalitions between the separate city states, promoted science and scholarship, and created his famous code of law.