Why is it said that wavelength, frequency and pitch are important characteristics of sound wave?

          Imagine yourself in a sea. You see different kinds of waves there – big ones, small ones, huge ones, and sometimes, scary ones too.

          The highest point of each wave is called the crest. Suppose you are floating on a wave crest, and can see the crest of another wave in front. Then, you are looking at the wavelength of those waves. In other words, wavelength is the distance between two identical points on two back-to-back waves. In this case, it is the distance between two crests. Similarly, there are also something known as troughs, which are the lowest part of a wave.

          The frequency of a wave, on the other hand, refers to the number of waves produced by a source each second. It could also denote the number of waves that pass a certain point each second. The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz). Kilohertz, megahertz and gigahertz are used when the waves have high frequencies.

          Both frequency and wavelength are related to the pitch of a sound, meaning they determine how high or low a sound is going to be. The greater the frequency, the shorter is the wavelength and, higher the pitch.