Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country situated in the western Balkan Peninsula of Europe.
The Bosnian region in the north is mountainous, and covered with thick forests. The Herzegovina region in the south is largely rugged, flat farmland. The capital of the country is Sarajevo.
The country is home to three main ethnic groups. The Bosniaks are the largest group; the Serbs are second, and the Croats, third. The spoken languages are Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian. In the interwar period, Bosnia and Herzegovina was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and after World War II, it was granted full republic status in the newly formed Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
In 1991, Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and asked for recognition by the European Union.
In a March 1992 referendum, Bosnian voters chose independence. This was followed by Bosnian War, which lasted until 1995.
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