Hermann Emil Louis Fischer was a renowned German chemist of the 19th century, who did pioneering work in the field of organic chemistry. He was born on 9th October 1852, in Germany.
In 1874, he received his doctorate from the University of Strasbourg, under Adolph von Baeyer.
Fischer demonstrated the structure of biological compounds for instance sugars, proteins and purines. He also worked on the organic synthesis of glucose. This work showed that various substances, little known at that time, such as adenine, xanthine, caffeine all belonged to one homogeneous family and could be derived from one another.
This parent substance, which at first he regarded as being hypothetical, he called purine in 1884, and he synthesized it in 1898.
In 1902 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on sugar and purine syntheses. Fischer died in Berlin on July 15th, 1919.
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