Scientists used to study just the appearance and structure of animals, but in recent years the study of their behaviour has become just as important.
The new science of ethology measures and records animal behaviour. We can now describe behaviour in terms of what the animal actually does, and not as a result of guessing what is going on in an animal’s mind. These studies have shown, for example, that animals such as birds have many inbuilt types of behaviour, which are inherited and not learned from other birds.
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