John Dalton, J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and Niels Bohr were the scientists who made notable contributions towards the study of atomic structure.
Dalton successfully stated about atoms, but failed to identify the subatomic particles. Sir Joseph John Thomson came up with a model of an atom in the 1900s. He described atom as a positively charged sphere into which negatively charged electrons were embedded. Thomson’s model can be visualised as a plum pudding with the positively charged atom and plum pieces as electrons. Thus, the idea came to be called the ‘plum pudding model.’
Rutherford was J.J. Thomson’s student. He modified his teacher’s model when another subatomic particle called nucleus was discovered.
Neils Bohr put forth his model of the atom in 1915. One of the most significant ideas he suggested was that electrons were placed on distinct ‘stationary orbits’ inside the atom.
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